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research vessel
A research vessel (RV or R/V) is a ship or boat designed and/or equipped to carry out research at sea. Research vessels carry out a number of roles. Some of these roles can be combined into a single vessel but others require a dedicated vessel. Due to the demanding nature of the work, research vessels are often constructed around an icebreaker hull, allowing them to operate in polar waters.
==History==
(詳細はJames Cook's ''Endeavour'', the essentials of what today we would call a research ship are clearly apparent. In 1766, the Royal Society hired Cook to travel to the Pacific Ocean to observe and record the transit of Venus across the Sun.〔James Cook at the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica〕 The ''Endeavour'' was a sturdy boat, well designed and equipped for the ordeals she would face, and fitted out with facilities for her "research personnel", Joseph Banks. And, as is common with contemporary research vessels, ''Endeavour'' carried out more than one kind of research, including comprehensive hydrographic survey work.
Some other notable early research vessels were HMS ''Beagle'', RV ''Calypso'', HMS ''Challenger'', USFC ''Albatross'', and the ''Endurance'' and ''Terra Nova''.
The names of early research vessels have been used to name later research vessels, as well as Space Shuttles.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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